Đảo ngữ (15 Chuyên đề ôn thi Tiếng Anh Tốt nghiệp 2025)

Cấu trúc: Rarely/Never/Seldom/Hardly ever/Little + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

Rarely

(hiếm khi)

I have rarely seen such a beautiful sunset.

→ Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset.

Never

(không bao giờ)

We have never encountered such a challenging problem.

→ Never have we encountered such a challenging problem.

Seldom

(hiếm khi)

She seldom attends the meetings.

→ Seldom does she attend the meetings.

Hardly ever

(hiếm khi)

They hardly ever go out on weekends.

→ Hardly ever do they go out on weekends.

Little

(một chút, một ít)

He knew little about the surprise party.

→ Little did he know about the surprise party.

No + N + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

I won’t lend you any money from now on.

→ No money will I lend you from now on.

Not any + N + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

I won’t lend you any money from now on.

→ Not any money will I lend you from now on.

Only once + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(chỉ một lần)

I visited that beautiful city only once.

→ Only once did I visit that beautiful city.

Only later/Only…later + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf. (chỉ sau này/ chỉ…sau này)

He realized his mistake only later.

→ Only later did he realize his mistake.

Only in this/that way + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf. (chỉ theo cách này/cách kia)

We can achieve our goals only in this way.

→ Only in this way can we achieve our goals.

Only then + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(chỉ đến lúc đó)

She understood the importance of hard work only then.

→ Only then did she understand the importance of hard work.

Only when + S + V + Trợ động từ + S +

V-inf. (chỉ khi)

We continued our hike only when the rain stopped.

→ Only when the rain stopped did we continue our hike.

Only if + S + V + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(chỉ khi, chỉ trong trường hợp, nếu)

You will pass the exam only if you study hard.

→ Only if you study hard will you pass the exam.

Only after + N/V-ing/clause + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf. (chỉ sau khi)

They made a decision only after the meeting.

→ Only after the meeting did they make a decision.

Only by + N/V-ing + Trợ động từ + S +

V-inf. (chỉ bằng cách, chỉ bằng việc)

We can solve this problem only by working together.

→ Only by working together can we solve this problem.

Only with + N + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(chỉ với)

We can succeed only with your support.

→ Only with your support can we succeed.

Only in + Trạng từ chỉ thời gian/nơi chốn + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(chỉ tại thời gian/địa điểm nào đó)

This kind of plant is found only in summer.

→ Only in summer is this kind of plant found.

Cấu trúc: Các cụm từ có ‘NO’ + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

At no time

(chưa từng bao giờ)

He did not consider giving up at any time.

→ At no time did he consider giving up.

On no account

(không vì bất cứ lí do gì)

You should not open the door to strangers on any account.

→ On no account should you open the door to strangers.

On no condition

(tuyệt đối không)

We will not allow unauthorized access under any condition.

→ On no condition will we allow unauthorized access.

Under/In no circumstances

(trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không)

You should not attempt this without supervision under any circumstances.

→ Under/In no circumstances should you attempt this without supervision.

Fo no reason

(không vì bất cứ lí do gì)

You should not share your password with anyone for any reason.

→ For no reason should you share your password with anyone.

In no way

(không còn cách nào)

We cannot accept this offer in any way.

→ In no way can we accept this offer.

No longer

(không còn nữa)

He no longer lives in the city.

→ No longer does he live in the city.

Not until + thời gian/cụm từ chỉ thời gian + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(Chỉ đến khi/mãi cho đến khi)

I didn’t understand the plot until the end of the movie.

→ Not until the end of the movie did I understand the plot.

Not until + mệnh đề thời gian + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf.

(Chỉ đến khi/mãi cho đến khi)

I didn’t realize I had lost my keys until I arrived home.

→ Not until I arrived home did I realize I had lost my keys.

No sooner + had + S + Vp2/V-ed + than + S + V (QKĐ).

(Ngay khi…thì)

I had no sooner sat down than the phone rang.

→ No sooner had I sat down than the phone rang.

Hardly/Barely/Scarcely + had + S + Vp2/V-ed + when + S + V (QKĐ).

(Ngay khi…thì)

She had hardly finished her meal when she was called back to work.

→ Hardly had she finished her meal when she was called back to work.

They had barely started their journey when it began to rain.

→ Barely had they started their journey when it began to rain.

He had scarcely closed his eyes when he fell asleep.

→ Scarcely had he closed his eyes when he fell asleep.

Not only + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf, but…also…

(không những…mà còn)

She not only excelled in math but also won the science competition.

→ Not only did she excel in math, but she also won the science competition.

Not only + be + S + N/Adj, but…also…

(không những…mà còn)

The weather was not only beautiful but the view was also breathtaking.

→ Not only was the weather beautiful, but the view was also breathtaking.

So + Adj + be + S + that + S + V.

(quá…đến nỗi mà)

The view was so beautiful that everyone stopped to admire it.

→ So beautiful was the view that everyone stopped to admire it.

So + Adv + Trợ động từ + S + V-inf + that + S + V.

(quá…đến nỗi mà)

He finished the task so quickly that everyone was amazed.

→ So quickly did he finish the task that everyone was amazed.

Such + (a/an) + Adj + N + be + S + that + S + V.

(quá…đến nỗi mà)

The exam was such a difficult one that few students passed.

→ Such a difficult exam was it that few students passed.

Such + be + (a/an) + Adj + N + that + S + V.

(quá…đến nỗi mà)

It was such a difficult question that he couldn’t answer it. 

→ Such was a difficult question that he couldn’t answer it.

Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1:

Should + S + be/V-inf, S + will/can/may + V-inf. (nếu…thì)

- If the children are fine, their parents will be happy.

→ Should the children be fine, their parents will be happy.

- If we freeze water, we’ll have ice.

→ Should we freeze water, we’ll have ice.

Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2:

- Were + S + N/Adj, S + would/could/should + V-inf. (nếu…thì)

- Were + S + to V, S + would/could/should + V-inf. (nếu…thì)

- Were it not for + N/V-ing, S + would/could/should + V-inf.

(nếu không nhờ vào/nếu không vì…thì)

- If I were rich, I would travel the world.

→ Were I rich, I would travel the world.

- If they knew the answer, they would help us.

→ Were they to know the answer, they would help us.

- If it weren’t for Jim, this company would be in a mess.

→ Were it not for Jim, this company would be in a mess.

Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3:

- Had + S + Vp2/V-ed, S + would/could/should + have + Vp2/V-ed.

(nếu…thì)

- Had it not been for + N/V-ing, S + would/could/should + have + Vp2/V-ed.

(nếu không nhờ vào/nếu không vì…thì)

- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.

→ Had he studied harder, he would have passed the exam.

- If it hadn’t been for the goalkeeper, Vietnam would have lost.

→ Had it not been for the goalkeeper, Vietnam would have lost.

Trạng từ chỉ phương hướng/vị trí + V (chính) + S.

- The price went up.

→ Up went the oil price.

- A sleeping dog was lying under the table.

→ Under the table was lying a sleeping dog.